TSS -- Therapeutic Support Staff or One to One Aide

TSS Therapeutic Support Staff or One to One Aide Definition: A TSS or Therapeutic Support Staff, is staff that supports individual students. They are often called one to one aides or wrap around staff. Therapeutic support staff are hired to work with an individual student. Their employment is usually named as an accommodation in that students IEP. TSS are often paid for or paid by the local (county) mental health agency rather than the school district. Qualifications:   Being a TSS does not require a college degree, but often graduates with degrees in psychology find work as a TSS while they are pursuing advanced degrees. Requirements for employment as a TSS or One on One (as they are often popularly referred to) may vary from state to state or agency to agency, but often some college is required.    Usually these positions are considered educational rather than custodial, and many states are trying to avoid using TSSs.   Some are economic, but some are educational, as a student with a TSS often becomes prompt dependent and unable to function independently. Responsibility:   A TSSs primary responsibility is to the student for whom they are hired. They may help the teacher or other students in order to create a positive environment for their student, but they are not supervised directly by the teacher, but by the IEP. Hopefully, a TSS will see him or herself as a part of the educational team.   There is no question that the teacher, as the leader in a classroom, should command the cooperation of the TSS.   Often a TSS is assigned so that a child can spent more time in a general education classroom, and will work one on one with the student to help him or her do age appropriate general education curricular tasks.   Sometimes the TSS will bring the students folder of modified word from the special education resource room to complete parallel.    It is important for the General Educator to communicate with the TSS to establish which general education tasks (especially in content, such as science or social studies) the student can do with the class, rather than what may be in their folder.   A Partnership:   Although the TSSs responsibility is for the student, when the special education teacher works closely with the TSS and the General Educator, it is more likely both the student and the classroom teacher will benefit.   When the other students in the general education classroom see Mr. Bob, or Ms. Lisa as partners in leadership, you can ask them to push   in with their student into learning centers or in small group discussion.   Modeling how to get the student more involved by fading support is also critical.   Also Known As: One to One Aide, Wrap Around, Wrap Around Aide Examples: Because of his self injurious behavior, Rodney has a TSS at school, who sees that Rodney does not bang his head on the tray of his chair, or on the wall.

BRUNO Surname Meaning and Family History

BRUNO Surname Meaning and Family History From the Italian word for brown, Bruno was often used as a nickname for a person with brown hair, skin, or clothes. From the German  brun, meaning dark or brown. It may also be a habitational surname for individuals who lived in or near a place named Bruno, such as the city of Bruno in Italys Piedmont region. Bruno is the 11th most common surname in Italy. According to WorldNames PublicProfiler it is currently most common throughout southern Italy, in the regions of Calabria, Basilicata, Puglia, and Sicilia. The next part of the world where the Bruno surname is most often found in Argentina, followed by France and Luxembourg. Alternate Surname Spellings:  BRUNI, BRUNA, BRUNAZZI, BRUNELLO, BRUNERI, BRUNONE, BRUNORI Surname Origin:  Italian, Portuguese Famous People with the Bruno Last Name Francesco Fa di Bruno  - Italian priest and mathematicianGiordano Bruno - Italian philosopherDylan Bruno - American actor Where the Bruno Surname Is Most Common The Bruno surname, according to surname distribution information from  Forebears, is most prevalent in Brazil but ranks highest based on the percentage of the population in Italy, where it is the 14th most common surname in the country. Bruno is also a common last name in Argentina. Data from  WorldNames PublicProfiler  also  indicates the Bruno surname is most common in Italy, followed by Argentina, France, Luxembourg, and the United States. Within Italy, Bruno is most common in the southern regions- Calabria, Basilicata, Puglia, Sicilia, Campania, Molise, and Abruzzo, in that order. It is also common in Piemonte and Liguria in the north. Genealogy Resources for the Surname Bruno Meanings of Common Italian Surnames: Uncover the meaning of your Italian last name with this free guide to Italian surname meanings and origins for the most common Italian surnames.The Bruno DNA Project: This group is open to all families with the Bruno surname of all spelling variations from any location in the world. The goal is to join together to use Y-DNA  testing, paper trails, and research to identify other individuals with whom they share a common ancestor.Bruno Family Crest - Its Not What You Think: Contrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Bruno family crest or coat of arms for the Bruno surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male-line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted.BRUNO Family Genealogy Forum: This free message board is focused on descendants of Bruno ancestors around the world. Search the forum for posts about your Bruno ancestor s, or join the forum and post your own queries.   FamilySearch - BRUNO Genealogy: Explore over 429,000  results from digitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Bruno surname on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.BRUNO Surname Mailing List: Free mailing list for researchers of the Bruno surname and its variations includes subscription details and searchable archives of past messages.GeneaNet - Bruno Records: GeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Bruno surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries.The Bruno Genealogy and Family Tree Page: Browse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Bruno  surname from the website of Genealogy Today.Ancestry.com: Bruno Surname: Explore over 1.1  million digitized records and database entries, including census records, passenger lists, military records, land deeds , probates, wills and other records for the Bruno surname on the subscription-based website, Ancestry.com. References Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998.Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003.Hanks, Patrick, and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997.Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

3d character modeling Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

3d character modeling - Research Proposal Example These animated fictional characters impress a considerable size of audience and they want more! Some of the recent movies which are known for their attractive animation are Shrek (Part 1 to 3), Happy Feet, Lion King, and Star Wars, Madagascar: Escape 2 Africa - and the list goes on and on. People enjoy watching animation but what they might not know is that a lot of work is involved to create that animation. This research paper is concerned with 3D Modeling, its definition, features, and the industry in the past and at present. The aim of the research is to use 3D modeling to create fictional characters which can later be taken and usable for different purposes, and to gain knowledge of creating high quality 3D characters. The paper also speaks about the analysis of the production stages, character development, the methodology used and the research tools. 3D modeling refers to the creation of three-dimensional objects that are defined mathematically and geometrically (i.e. a circle extruded to a certain value to create a cylinder defined by its location, radius and length). 3D modeling can be aided by the use of scan data. (n.d Common 3D Scanning Industry Terms) The classic hand-animated Disney film ‘Snow White’ was released in the year 1937. This year was called the beginning of the ‘golden age’ for animation. Since then Disney has released a lot of hand- animated films that are enjoyed by people of all ages, right from small children to adults. However, today, with the advancement of 3D technology, everything is done with the computer. All you need to have is an eye for art and creativity. The computer takes care of the rest! (The 3D Debate, n.d) The multimedia industry has seen tremendous growth in the past few years. Today, the 3D technology is used in a lot of areas like education, entertainment, and so on. Lessons are taught in schools and colleges using 3D animated

Marketing plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words - 2

Marketing plan - Essay Example prehensive understanding of the wider market periphery surrounding the business environment of IKEA, the present market position of the company is recognized. The discussion also entails an assessment of the potential competitors of the company whom it has to override in order to place its product as a unique entity in the market. The plan further illustrates the mode of promotion and distribution that the company would implement in order to ensure high performance from the product. At the outset of the planning stage, a crucial factor which can be recognized is that the strong brand name of the company would certainly help it to establish its one of the invaluable offerings i.e. coffee tables in the market. Contextually, an action program with regard to the marketing plan has been substantiated in the paper which would enable to guide the various activities of the entire process. The present day market scenario is changing rapidly on a global basis. It has been noticed that the preferences and the choices of the customers have also been altering simultaneously. There are many companies which offer similar kinds of product. For this reason, the companies now-a-days are quite concerned about making their products or services distinct from their competitors. In this regard, the concept of marketing has become quite crucial. It is the process through which the value of the product would be communicated to the customers. In other words, it can also be regarded as the art of selling goods. In context of today’s business scenario, it is not enough for companies, just to make a good or better quality product. They should also market the product effectively and communicate the quality or the benefits of the products or the services to the customers. There are various aspects of marketing that companies need to follow. The company should understand that custome rs will only prefer a product that is widely available in the market at a cheaper cost. A product or service

Physician Assisted Suicide Essay Example for Free

Physician Assisted Suicide Essay According to the opposing viewpoints database Assisted suicide occurs when a physician provides a patient with the means of ending his or her life-usually a prescription for a fatal dose of drugs. The patient takes the drugs independently of the doctor. Assisted Suicide (also known as physician assisted suicide) has been an issue that is becoming hot as scientists are getting the ability to prolong human life and find a new way to cure diseases previously not able to be cured and people have been talking about people dying due to those diseases. Doctors have had to explain the available treatment options and to obtain the patients consent prior to treatment since the early 1900s with the standard of informed consent. This lets the patient make their own choice with the input of their doctor, and not just do whatever the doctor says. The question with assisted suicide is, Should people who want to die be allowed to arrange an easy, no pain death? I believe that with the correct guidelines and laws, allowing someone to take their own life should be allowed and ratified in all states. The opposing argument does have pretty good points, but I believe that the pros of allowing assisted suicide outweigh the cons. First the opposing view saying that assisted suicide shouldnt be legal says that legalizing assisted suicide would make it too easy for others, such as people suffering from treatable depression, to commit suicide. People with treatable depression might take advantage of this, but people with untreatable depression that have no way out and it is unfair to them to not be able to decide what they want. With the legalization of assisted suicide there will be steps in order for a person to qualify for it, such as the ones already  set up by the Netherland which state To qualify for euthanasia under Dutch law, a person must be mentally capable of making the decision, act voluntarily, be ill without hope of recovery, and have a lasting wish to die. Physicians performing euthanasia must consult with at least one other doctor and must write reports on each case. These qualifications will make it much more difficult for people to take advantage of the system of assisted suicide. Another opposing argument is that people who want to live might not get good care if assisted suicide is a cheaper alternative. This would not be the case because the Hippocratic Oath, which according to Medicinenet is a statement of medical ethics tells physicians, first, do no harm. While you might have the few corrupt doctors who will try to do this, the protocol set in place will make it very difficult for doctors to do this. Lastly the opposing view points My first reason of supporting the legalization of assisted suicide is since because people already can refuse treatment even if they know they will die, why are the not allowed to actively seek out a pain free death? Since you can decline to have treatment done on you if you have a life threatening disease and you know youre going to die, I believe it is fair to ask to be killed and put out of your misery. People with untreatable diseases such as Ebola, and cancer that will cause death, and depression that is untreatable should have a way to die without the day to day pain and suffering of living with the incurable diseases. Next assisted suicide should be legal because if someone is going to kill themselves already we should allow a pain free option, as opposed to a suicide like shooting or hanging yourself. People will always want to kill themselves but with the legalization of assisted suicide I think it will actually cut down on the number of suicides. The process of going through and getting cleared to have an assisted suicide might be able to clear a persons head and have them think more about whether they actually want to die or not so they cannot make a rash decision. This will also allow for a suicide that will go much more smoothly than suicides done by now by yourself since the physicians and doctors who know what they are doing are prescribing you a drug that you take to allow you to die. According to the  opposing viewpoints database some physician feel that it is appropriate for them to end the suffering of a patient who is capable of making a rational decision and asks to die. According to a study done by suicide.org from 1950-2003 26 percent of suicides attempted resulted in a failed suicide and just caused injury. This fact is not good and would be nonexistent if assisted suicide was legalized. Lastly assisted suicide should be legal because humans have the right to decide whether they want to live or die. We have the right to bear arms, freedom of speech, and other freedoms. We are our own entity, and I believe that people should have the right to a much more practical death run by someone who knows what they are doing. All human beings should be treated as equal and able they have certain rights. I believe that one of those rights is the right to determine if they want to live or die, and I think that people should have the option to have a professional to help. The debate of assisted suicide is a hot issue and has allowed for some very good debates in the past couple of years. I think the opposing view has some good points, but in my eyes the pros of assisted suicide diffidently outweigh the cons of it. I think assisted suicide should be legalized because since people can refuse treatment even if they are going to die why cant the ask to die, we should allow a pain free option since if they are already contemplating it they might do it so we should allow a way for someone to commit suicide with a professionals help, and lastly because it is a right humans have to determine whether they live or die. Assisted suicide is something that people talk about and a lot of people have opposing views of it, with me being on the side saying it should be legal. Citation page Assistedsuicide.org: Suicide Statistics. _At Suicide.org! , , , , !_ N.p., 12 June 2013. Web. 10 Oct. 2014. . Oppsingveiwpoints.com: Assisted Suicide. _Opposingviewpoints_. N.p., 15 Feb. 2012. Web. 10 Oct. 2014. . Hippocratic Oath: Hippocratic Oath. _MedicineNet_. N.p., 22 Nov. 2009. Web. 12 Oct. 2014. .

Libertarianism Essays -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Successful Love   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How can couples have successful love? Very seldom do couple start a loving relationship, and keep loving each other. Most relationships go down the drain usually between six months to two years. In the beginning, relationships are new, exciting, and passionate. After some time passes, things change and everything becomes predictable. When this happens, partners get sick of each other and start to fight and argue with each other. Basically, you just get on each others’ nerves. Authors Deborah Tannen, John Gray, Susan Page, and John Gottman explain certain solutions to have successful love. These authors have experience in analyzing relationships. Tannen is a linguistics professor at Georgetown University, specializing in language and communications. Gray is an inspirational writer on relationships. Page has done much work in workshops specializing in relationships and communications. Finally, Gottman is a psychology professor, who has done research on relati onships between two thousand married couples. They all mention that in order to keep a strong relationship, there are particular skills that you need to know. For men and women to successfully communicate, they must be able to listen to each other, understand each other, and not criticize one another. You must have these components to make a relationship successful.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Listening is one of the most important aspects of successful communication between men and women. Listening is the act of paying attention in order to hear one another. When couples communicate, they usually think about talking instead of listening, even though â€Å"98% of good communication is listening.† (Page,28)Page states, â€Å"Listening means putting yourself in the other person’s shoes. It means trying to understand a different point of view before you try to make yourself understand. (Page,28) This explains the fact that what you are saying to someone may mean something totally different than what you wanted to say. To stay away from this problem you must speak as if you were listening. In other words, you have to hear the words that you are saying before they come out of your mouth. â€Å"To some people listening is a highly refined skill that is reserved for deep, intimate conversations or delicate negotiations.† (Page,28) To othe r pe... ...e him for who he is and the things he does for you.† (42) On the other hand, Tannen and Gray agree that you must be positive.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As you can tell, there are many tips to have a great relationship. After reading the authors’ essays, I have learned what to do and what not to do in a relationship. So next time my boyfriend starts to drift away, I will handle it differently. Instead of getting upset and crying because he doesn’t want to be with me; I will just let him be. I can understand that â€Å"he is going into his cave† and wants to be left alone. I will realize that it isn’t my fault. (Gray, 21) As author Deborah Tannen discusses the differences between men and women, she says â€Å"different perspectives on expressing or concealing dissatisfactions and doubts may reflect a difference in men’s and women’s awareness of the power of their words to affect others.† (15) If you are in a relationship and you want it to be successful, make sure that you listen to your partner, you understand men and women’s communication differences, and ne ver criticize-just compliment. If you work on these elements, you will achieve â€Å"Successful Love.†

Kant Hypothetical and Categorical Imperatives Essay

In the Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals, by Immanuel Kant, Kant proposes a very significant discussion of imperatives as expressed by what one â€Å"ought† to do. He implies this notion by providing the audience with two kinds of imperatives: categorical and hypothetical. The discussion Kant proposes is designed to formulate the expression of one’s action. By distinguishing the difference between categorical and hypothetical imperatives, Kant’s argues that categorical imperatives apply moral conduct in relation to performing one’s duty within the contents of good will. According to Kant, the representation of an objective principle insofar as it necessitates the will is called a command which formulates the notion of an imperative . Imperatives are simply a formula of a reason. It determines the will of the action. Imperatives can be expressed in terms of what ought to do. For example, take the command â€Å"Sit Down! † Kant expresses this command as an imperative by stating, â€Å"You ought to sit down! † All imperatives are formulated by doing an action according to the standard of a will that it will provide a good ending in some way. If the end action is good, as a mean to something else than it is considered a hypothetical imperative. On the other hand, if the action is good according to itself than it is considered a categorical imperative. Thus, Kant implies a distinction between these two kinds of imperatives. The first imperative that Kant proposes is hypothetical. A hypothetical imperative states only that an action is good for some purpose, either possible or actual . In a hypothetical imperative the action is done out of necessary for some purpose. Hypothetical imperatives take on the general form of; â€Å"If †¦then†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"If† is considered the antecedent and â€Å"then† is considered conditional. Hypothetical imperatives tell us what we should do provided the fact that we have certain desires. For example, â€Å"If you want to get an A, then you ought to study. † Wanting to get an A is required of one insofar as one is committed to studying. In other terms, if one desire is to get an A then the action one must take is to study in order to fulfill that desire. Hypothetical imperatives can further more be explained by breaking them down into what Kant calls â€Å"rules of skills,† and â€Å"counsels of prudence†. Rules of skills simply imply the notion that there is something that you have to do; how one must accomplish something. An example of this is, â€Å"If you want to get well than you ought to take your medications. † The action in accordance to the rule of skills implies the importance of taking your medications. Kant noted that there is no question at all whether the end is reasonable and good, but there is only a question as to what must be done to attain it. Moreover, the counsel of prudence examines just that. The antecedent â€Å"If† refers to the varying degrees of happiness within an individual. â€Å"If you want to be happy then you ought to invest in a retirement plan. † One’s motive to be happy (happiness as it implies to individualism) is fulfilled through the action. The action is done through the perception of prudence as it commands not absolutely but only as a means to further the purpose. In this respect, hypothetical imperatives apply actions of good in a conditional way. It is formulated that you need to know what the condition is before you act. Conditions are based upon a posteriori referring to experiences of knowledge due to ones own result. Therefore hypothetical imperatives do not allow us to act in a moral way because they are based upon desires and experiences rather than good will or moral conduct. In contrast with hypothetical imperatives, which is dependent on an indivdual having a particular desires or purpose (such as wanting to get an A), categorical imperatives describe what we are required to do independently of what we may desire or prefer. A categorical imperative is the only imperative which immediately commands a certain conduct without having as its condition any other purpose to be attained by it. Categorical imperatives are moral obligations that do not have a â€Å"If†¦ and then†¦Ã¢â‚¬  form. In this respect they provide behavior categorically. They are not if you want x then you ought to do y. Rather they take the form of, you should do y. Kant states that categorical imperatives are limited by no condition, and can quite properly be called a command since it is absolutely, through practically necessary. Categorical imperative are concerned with the form of action and the princple from which the that action follows. The moral action is good within itself such the notion of practical reasoning. Unlike a hypothetical imperative, categorical imperatives rely on independent experience; a prior. This is due to the fact that one’s moral principle is not based upon previous experience, but instead it is rooted in good will and one’s ability to perform their moral duty. Kant refers to this principle as the principle of morality. For it is from this in which all our moral duties are derived. The basic principle of morality is important because it commands certain courses of action. It is a categorical imperative because it commands unconditional actions. It is also independent of the particular ends and desires of the moral actions. One can never really no the end motivate to why such an action is preformed, but one can concure that the action was done according to the moral duty of good will. Having good will or practical reasoning, lays a foundation that implies categorical imperatives to do what is pure and simple. A good will is good not because one wants to attain happiness or a purpose but it is good in itself. Kant explains that there is no possibility of thinking of anything at all in the world, or even out of it, which can be regarded as good without qualification, except a good will. Therefore in accordance to good will, one must act as if the maxim of their action was to become a universal law. Kant first mentioned the notion of categorical imperative when he proposed the moral or universal law. You should never act except in such as way that I can also will that my maxim should become a universal law. Since maxims are basicly principles of action, the categorical imperative commands that one should act only on universal principles, that could be adopted by all rational agents such as human beings. Actions that are done from duty are out of respect for the moral law. Duty is the necessity to act out of reverence for the law set by the categorical imperative. Because the consequences of an act are not the source of its moral worth, the source must be the maxim under which the act is performed, excluding all aspects of desires. Thus, a categorical imperative must have moral content if, and only if, it is carried out solely with regard to a sense of moral duty in coordination with good will. Clearly one can see that Kant believes in the expression of actions through imperatives. By proposing imperatives, he formulated a command of reason. As hypothetical imperatives address actions done for a desire or a purpose, categorical imperatives, on the other hand address actions that result from moral conduct and good will. In distinghing the difference between these two imperatives, Kant’s main objection is to provide his readers with a clear understanding that actions based upon imperatives can be projected from two different views but the end result always provides good, in some way.

Biography of Annointed Gifts Essay

Annointed Gifts was established in September of 2006 by Rev. Dr. Johnnie E. Jordan Sr. Through Pastor Jordans’ vision he brought forth six anointed young men to spread the word of God through their musical talent of playing instruments, and their special talent of vocals. Minister Nelton Shorter Jr. (Jay-Jay) who is the minister of music at his home church Union Second Baptist been playing keyboard, singing gospel( songwriting) for over twenty years. Davell Davis (Ace) who is the minister of music at his home church Rising Star C.O.G.I.C. been playing keyboard and singing(songwriting) gospel for over fifteen years. Christopher Jordan has been playing drums, singing(songwriting ), for the lord under the leadership of his father and pastor of Greater Mt. Olive M.B.C. for over twentyfive years. Paul Washington plays lead guitar at Greater Mt. Olive M.B.C. and has been playing & singing(songwriting) Gospel for over thirty years. Clarence Trotter received his calling at an early age. He has been playing bass guitar & singing(songwriting) Gospel for over twenty years. Marvin Jordan began to get involved as an audio technician and sound check person at Greater Mt. Olive M.B.C. in 1986. He has over twenty years of experience in audio engineering In the short time that Annointed Gifts been together, they have been fortunate & blessed to perform with some of the big names of gospel quartet. They performed with The Williams Brothers, & The Mighty Clouds of Joy at The Detroit Opera House .They also performed out of state as well as all over the Michigan area with some of gospel greats such as Doc McKenzie & The Hi-Lites,The Pilgrim Jubilees,Keith Wonderboy Johnson, Dewayne Watkins former member of Canton Spirituals, Park Stewart former member of Commission, Darius Twyman , George Dean & The Gospel Four, Evelyne Turrtine’ Agee and even received great reviews from the Legendary Spanky. Annointed Gifts is truly a blessing from heaven abling them to pass on Gods’ message through song and praises.

Essay on Comparing brand Apple and brand Philips

Essay on Comparing brand Apple and brand Philips Essay on Comparing brand Apple and brand Philips Essay on Comparing brand Apple and brand PhilipsMarket and product research helps to assess the effectiveness of any business, as well as the effectiveness of product management practices. Product management provides opportunities to manage products so that they can be appealing to consumers. Brands are designed to handle a wide range of product management problems due to effective branding strategies (Fournier, 1998).   Besides, brands stand for the quality of products. In other words, brands guarantee a sign of approval that can be understood by consumers as the mark of safety. Effective branding strategies help to increase competitive advantage. The discussion of product management and branding may best be illustrated by comparing an iconic brand Apple, and another successful brand Philips. Both brands are well-known on the competitive market. Consumers respond to these brands in a positive way. Nevertheless, there are certain differences between these two branding efforts.Compa ring brand Apple and brand Philips  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Comparing two brands Apple and Philips, it is necessary to pay due attention to the branding and positioning strategies of both brands, discuss their brand personalities, the similarities and differences between the two branding efforts and discuss the lessons learnt from these cases. These issues can help to better understand the role of branding in product management.The branding and positioning strategies of Apple and PhilipsThe branding and positioning strategies of Apple and Philips have very much in common. Both Apple and Philips build loyalty, involving positive emotions. The Philips’ brand positioning is based on the idea that consumers have an opportunity to develop â€Å"a more comfortable and more straightforward relationship with technology and with Philips† (Brand repositioning and communications: A Philips case study, p.3). Actually, Philips offers an opportunity to deal with t echnology effectively because of simple solutions, although many consumers would agree that new technologies are rather complex. The Apple’s brand positioning is focused on quality. In general, the branding and positioning strategies of Apple and Philips are focused on leveraging the companies’ images internationally.The brand personalities of Apple and PhilipsBrand personality stands for a set of characteristics that are similar to human ones, but refer to brand attributes. The personality represents both Apple brand and Philips brand. Actually, brand personality has been specially developed to improve the appeal of the brand to consumers. The brand personality is constructed to highlight the brand’s character. Thus, consumers can think of Apple brand and Philips brand as if these are persons with certain characters. Apple’s brand personality is strong. Apple’s branding strategy is focused the emotions, therefore, the best way to represent Appleâ €™s brand personality is to highlight â€Å"lifestyle; imagination; liberty regained; innovation; passion; hopes, dreams and aspirations; and power-to-the-people through technology† (Apples Branding Strategy, para.2). Philips brand personality is powerful as it inspires consumers to make difference in their lives by means of Philips’ products. Both Apple and Philips have brand personalities that promote simplicity of using technology, removing any forms of complexity from their consumers’ lives.The similarities between the two branding efforts  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are many similarities between Apple’s branding efforts and Philips’ branding efforts. Both brands are based on mission and vision of their companies. The similarity is reflected in mission statements of the companies, which place emphasis on innovations.   Philips’ mission is â€Å"Improving people’s lives through meaningful innovationâ₠¬  (Philips, Official Website, 2014). Both companies pay due attention to the evaluation of their branding campaigns. Both companies have developed formative evaluation to assess the needs of consumers, process evaluation to improve branding strategy and outcome evaluation to assess the effectiveness of brand equity. Besides, Apple brand and Philips brand use branding as a communications strategy, presenting their products by means of effective branding campaigns. Both brands refer to the targeted audience and clearly define the benefits their offer to consumers.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In addition, Apple brand and Philips brand have constructed effective brand loyalty, which has a strong impact on brand relationship quality. Consumers associate Apple products and Philips products with top quality and unique design. The brands’ strength has been evaluated by millions of consumers from all parts of the world. Both companies have developed effective brandin g strategies, which are focused on brand equity to expand the value of products. Apple brand and Philips brand help to certify the quality of products.The differences between the two branding efforts  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One can find certain differences between the two branding efforts. Apple brand is stronger than Philips brand because the Apple Company is focused on new innovative ideas, which affect Apple’s product strategy and branding strategy. Philips brand is less influential on the competitive market because of less intimate relations with the consumers of its products. Apple has developed the so-called sense of community among Apple products’ users. Philips is also successful on the market, but its strategic direction is weaker than that of Apple’s.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In addition, there are differences between the brand positioning of Apple and Philips. The products offers by Apple are targeted to younger generation because of its modernity and innovation (e.g. iPad, iPhone, iMac, etc.), while Philips’ products are targeted to the general public (e.g. consumer electronics, electrical products, healthcare products, etc.).   As a result, brand positioning of Apple and Philips have different results. Philips’ products are made based on innovative technologies, but with different approach to consumers’ needs. Apple is focused on innovation. Philips is focused on what innovation does for its consumers.Lessons learnt from two cases: the case of brand Apple and the case of brand PhilipsIf I were a brand manager, I could learn much from these two cases. First, it becomes clear that if brand personality is strong, it provides certain principles that help to highlight the value of products on the competitive market. Second, it is necessary to pay due attention to brand positioning. Building brand awareness helps to establish brand position on the competitive market. Bran d positioning is a complex process that is oriented to consumers’ appeal. Brand positions can be changed to meet the needs of consumers. In other words, as a brand manager, I will place emphasis on repositioning of the brand. Undoubtedly, great brands have better brand positioning that is effectively executed for the targeted audience.Conclusion  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thus, it is necessary to conclude that Apple brand and Philips brand have very much in common. However, there are certain differences between the two branding efforts. In fact, both brands are effective on the competitive market due to the effective branding strategies. Strong brand positioning of Apple provides massive opportunities to increase competitive advantage, while Philips brand positioning demonstrates more powerful elements to maintain competitive advantage. Nevertheless, both Apple and Philips have strong brand loyalty and brand personalities.

Definition and Examples of a Concrete Noun

Definition and Examples of a Concrete Noun A concrete noun is a  noun (such as chicken or egg) that names a material or tangible object or phenomenon- something recognizable through the senses. Contrast with an abstract noun. In grammar, notes Tom McArthur, an abstract noun refers to an action, concept, event, quality, or state (love, conversation), whereas a concrete noun refers to a touchable, observable person or thing (child, tree) (Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language, 2005). Examples and Observations Pound cakes sagged with their buttery weight and small children could no more resist licking the icings than their mothers could avoid slapping the sticky fingers.(Maya Angelou, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. Random House, 1969)The black candle fell out of its brass holder and the flame touched the dry petals and leaves. (John Twelve Hawks, The Traveler. Doubleday, 2005With your sheets like metal and your belt like lace,And your deck of cards missing the jack and the ace,And your basement clothes and your hollow face,Who among them can think he could outguess you?(Bob Dylan, Sad-Eyed Lady of the LowlandsAt middle age the soul should be opening up like a rose, not closing up like a cabbage.(John Andrew HolmesIt came to me today, walking in the rain to get Helen a glass of orange juice, that the world exists only in my consciousness (whether as a reality or as an illusion the evening papers do not say, but my guess is reality).(James Thurber, letter to E.B. White, October 6, 1937. Se lected Letters of James Thurber, ed. by Helen Thurber and Edward Weeks. Little, Brown, 1981 John Updikes Concrete Nouns I kept looking out of the windows. The three red lights of the chimneys of the plant that had been built some miles away, to mine low-grade iron ore, seemed to be advancing over our neighbor’s ridged field toward our farm. My mother had mistaken me for a stoic like my father and had not put enough blankets on the bed. I found an old overcoat of his and arranged it over me; its collar scratched my chin. I tipped into sleep and awoke. The morning was sharply sunny; sheep hustled, heads toppling, through the gauzy blue sky. It was an authentic spring in Pennsylvania. Some of the grass in the lawn had already grown shiny and lank. A yellow crocus had popped up beside the BEWARE OF THE DOG sign my father had had an art student at the high school make for him.(John Updike, Packed Dirt, Churchgoing, a Dying Cat, a Traded Car. Pigeon Feathers and Other Stories. Alfred A. Knopf, 1962 Balancing Abstract and Concrete Diction Beauty and fear are abstract ideas; they exist in your mind, not in the forest along with the trees and the owls. Concrete words refer to things we can touch, see, hear, smell, and taste, such as sandpaper, soda, birch trees, smog, cow, sailboat, rocking chair, and pancake. . . .Good writing balances ideas and facts, and it also balances abstract and concrete diction. If the writing is too abstract, with too few concrete facts and details, it will be unconvincing and tiresome. If the writing is too concrete, devoid of ideas and emotions, it can seem pointless and dry.(Alfred Rosa and Paul Eschholz, Models for Writers: Short Essays for Composition. St. Martins, 1982)Abstract and general terms represent ideas, explain attitudes, and explore relationships such as contingency (if something will happen), causality (why it occurs), and priority (what is first in time or importance). Concrete and specific words clarify and illustrate between abstract and concrete words and general and speci fic language, blending them naturally. To achieve this mix, use abstract and general words to state your ideas. Use specific and concrete words to illustrate and support them.(Robert DiYanni and Pat C. Hoy II, The Scribner Handbook for Writers, 3rd ed. Allyn and Bacon, 2001) The Ladder of Abstraction The Ladder of Abstraction is one way to visualize the range of language from the abstract to the concrete- from the general to the specific. On the top of the ladder are abstract ideas like success, education, or freedom; as we move down each rung of the ladder the words become more specific and more concrete. When we reach the bottom rung of the Ladder of Abstraction, we should find something that we can see or touch, hear, taste, or smell.(Brian Backman, Persuasion Points: 82 Strategic Exercises for Writing High-Scoring Persuasive Essays. Maupin House, 2010)

Perception Dependence Argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Perception Dependence Argument - Essay Example For instance, by stating that X=Y and Y=Z, it implies that X=Z. This is an example of logical arguments. However, there are arguments that are based on incorrect principles of logics, leading to logical fallacies and false or illogical conclusions. One type of argument that has attracted a lot of debates and controversy with regards to the truth about its premises and inferences/conclusions is perception-dependent argument. This paper thus evaluates whether the premises of the perception-Dependent Argument are true. In addition, the paper explores whether the argument’s inference are good. Perception Dependent Arguments The awareness or apprehension of one’s environment through senses such as sight, touch, hearing, smell, taste is referred to as perception, a study area that has continued to intrigue not only philosophers but also other scholars since historical times2. One reason perception-dependent arguments have always been considered fallacious is the problem creat ed by the association of perception with hallucinations and illusions. Both hallucination and illusion refer to situations in which a person perceives objects in ways that in which they do not exist. Thus, the possibilities of errors occasioned by illusions and hallucinations make the true nature of arguments based on perception questionable. Because of illusion- and hallucination-related errors, arguments, their premises and inferences, always based on perception, lead to questions on whether perceptions are intuitively what they appear to be. Perceptions could therefore not be directly linked to reality and neither are they necessarily the immediate access to reality. The possibility of hallucination and illusion errors in perception dependent arguments therefore challenges the logical nature of arguments based on perceptions. Illusion refers to a situation in which an object or subject is perceived to appear in way other than it really is. For instance, using a yellow light in a house with white walls make the walls appear have yellow color. Another example of illusion is the sour taste of a sweet drink if consumed immediately after consuming a sweeter drink. It should however be noted that illusion does not imply there is deception since one is not deceived into believing that objects are not what they are. In other words, there is a possibility that one may actually be aware that he/she is experiencing an illusion. From the illusion and hallucination errors that perception dependent arguments are prone to, it is imperative that the obvious truth of peoples’ experiences and the perception-related errors in arguments are reconciled. The perceptual experiences otherwise referred to as openness to the world, which lead to true premises and good inferences in arguments, have been consistently challenged by the existence of illusions and hallucinations. From its definition, it is apparent that basing one’s arguments on illusion will most likely re sult in false premises and bad conclusions/inferences. Arguments based on perceptions (illusions and hallucinations) always occur through certain steps. When one is under illusion, an object appears to have some characteristic or quality F. In reality, the object under view, feel, taste, or touch does not always have the perceived quality. Interestingly, another object encountered or experienced somewhere by the person under illusion possesses the quality/feature F perceived by the person. In

Financing a Business Magazine Article Coursework

Financing a Business Magazine Article - Coursework Example In the year 2011, the number of small businesses in the UK was found to be around 4.5 million, which indicated that around 99 percent of the businesses were small firms (Nanto, 2010). The financial crisis has made it difficult for many small firms to get funding assistance from the banks. According to the Huffington Post, around 170,000 small businesses had to close down in the USA, in the year 2008-10; out of which around 6.79 million small firms closed in 2010, and around 6.96 firms closed in 2008 (Kavoussi, 2012). The rate of self-employment diminished by 4 percent in 2007 and further by 12 percent in 2009 (Halm-Addo, 2010). A series of survey was done, which revealed that the reducing employment, sales, investment rate during 2009 and even during 2008, were affecting the small business and their performances. About 165 small firms were surveyed in the UK and it was found that around 1 in every 20 firms had doubts of their survival, and around 8 percent were forecasting deep troub le for themselves. The small businesses do not have high cash reserves or large proportion of capital assets which would be acting as collateral. So it becomes difficult for them to secure additional financing during economic crisis. Bankruptcy among the small businesses are common than the large firms because even banks do not take the guarantee of financing them during such situation (Forrest, and Yip, 2011). The current economic crisis has created major liquidity issues in the banks, which in turn has influenced the lending practices. Bank of England has reported that financial crisis has observed the weakest flow of funds to the small businesses in the UK. The demand for secured and unsecured lending has increased in the UK since 2009, but it has been noticed that the changing policies of the banks due to rising risk of bankruptcy and insolvency, has limited the supply of funds. Evidences have been accumulated that the small enterprises in UK have faced difficulties in accessing funds during the period of 2008-09. According to the Forum of Private Business Reports, poor flow of cash and late payments were the major issues that the Economic Downturn Panel has referred to. They have also highlighted that these were mainly due to the slow decision-making, lack of any sales activity, and the increasing cost of lending rates. It was found in June 2009, that in the UK, about 33 percent of the small businesses could not access financial aid from banks, and around 44 percent of the small firms had to face immense difficulty to receive financial assiatnce. All the above statistics reveal that it is indeed difficult to raise money in the present economic climate. This is the reason why other ways of financing need have to be evaluated, so that small businesses do not close down just because of not getting access to bank loans (Stokes, and Wilson, 2010). The alternative sources of funding are discussed below: Merchant Cash Advances: In this type of financing the lend er does not lend money on equated monthly installment (EMI) basis, but they are interested in the sale and purchase of credit card income of the future. So they collect a fixed percentage of the credit card income daily, until the loan is repaid (Department of Business Innovation & Skill, 2012).